nation - society (usually with a common identity) whose government corresponds to a political theory (as in Marxism, republicanism) and is emblematic of the character of the people.

state - a state can stand on its own or be a part of a confederation (namely, the US), but its characteristics are similar: people are continuously involved in the government and are the source of political power, and often correspond to the demographics of the geographic area (in the US, Louisiana is different from New York).

liberty - independence from an authority whose power is not derived from the individual or people, the right to property, to voice your opinion, to act freely (but within the law) to pursue happiness and success.

Justice - The interpretation of positive law in the light of the fundamental law - a constitution, manifesto, etc. Justice is often correlative to the atmosphere of the time regarding the rights of people.